Spay or Not? Why Greece Needs a National Scientific Framework

The sterilization of companion animals is among the most widely discussed topics in modern veterinary medicine. Despite the extensive literature and international experience, in Greece the discussion remains fragmented, without a unified scientific frame of reference. The result is differing practices, contradictory messages to pet owners, and often confusion about what truly applies.

From a veterinary science perspective, sterilization has documented benefits: reduction of hormone-related diseases, prevention of reproductive-system disorders and cancers in specific cases, and an overall positive effect on the long-term health of animals. At the same time, modern literature recognizes that the decision cannot be one-size-fits-all, but must take into account species, breed, sex, age, medical history, and many other factors.

Countries such as Germany, Sweden, and the Netherlands have developed national guidelines through scientific committees that include veterinary schools and professional bodies. These guidelines do not impose mandatory practices, but they do provide a documented framework for decision-making for veterinarians and owners.

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This approach is absent in Greece. The creation of a national scientific committee for sterilization, including veterinary schools, professional associations, and the State, would determine a single national framework. Not as an ideological position, but as a scientific direction. This committee could be responsible for the following:

1. Defining national scientific guidelines for the sterilization of companion animals
2. Establishing criteria for individualized medical decision-making (e.g. species, age, sex, medical history, etc.)
3. Connecting veterinary schools and professional associations within a unified training framework
4. Monitoring international developments and regularly updating the national framework
5. Providing a single channel of scientific information to the State and to citizens

The discussion on sterilization requires documentation, consistency, and institutional seriousness, in order to truly serve animal health and the quality of veterinary practice.